Выполнение основных задач в графическом редакторе gimp

Updated user interface and initial HiDPI support¶

One thing immediately noticeable about GIMP 2.10 is the new dark theme and
symbolic icons enabled by default. This is meant to somewhat dim the environment
and shift the focus towards content.

There are now 4 user interface themes available in GIMP: Dark (default), Gray,
Light, and System. Icons are now separate from themes, and we maintain both
color and symbolic icons, so you can configure GIMP to have System theme with
color icons if you prefer the old look.

Color, Legacy, and Symbolic icons

Moreover, icons are available in four sizes now, so that GIMP would look better
on HiDPI displays. GIMP will do its best to detect which size to use, but you
can manually override that selection in Edit > Preferences > Interface >
Icon Themes.

Icons in various sizes to adapt for HiDPI displays.

Contributors: Benoit Touchette, Ville Pätsi, Aryeom Han, Jehan Pagès,
Alexandre Prokoudine…

Changing the Size (Filesize) of a JPEG¶

You can also modify the filesize of an image when exporting it to a format like JPEG. JPEG is a lossy compression algorithm, meaning that when saving images to the JPEG format, you will sacrifice some image quality to gain a smaller filesize.

Using the same Horsehead Nebula image from above, I have resized it to 200px wide (see above), and exported it using different levels of JPEG compression:

Comparison of different JPEG compression levels.

As you can see, even at a quality setting of 80, the image is significantly smaller in filesize (77% size reduction), while the image quality is still quite reasonable.

When you’ve finished any image modifications you are doing, and are ready to export, simply invoke the export dialog with:

File → Export…

This will invoke the Export Image dialog:

You can now enter a new name for your file here. If you include the filetype extension (in this case, .jpg), GIMP will automatically try to export in that file format for you. Here I am exporting the image as a JPEG file.

You can also navigate to a new location on your computer through the Places pane, if you need to export the file to a different location. When you are ready to export the image, just hit the Export button.

This will then bring up the Export Image as JPEG dialog, where you can change the quality of the export:

From this dialog you can now change the quality of the export. If you also have the “Show preview in image window” option checked, the image on the canvas will update to reflect the quality value you input. This will also enable the “File size:” information to tell you what the resulting file size will be. (You may need to move some windows around to view the preview on the canvas in the background).

When you are happy with the results, hit the Export button to export.

To see more details about exporting different image formats, see Getting Images out of GIMP in the manual.

Files¶

GIMP’s data files are stored in /usr/share/gimp/2.0, where ${datarootdir} is set on install, but is typically /usr/share. GIMP’s system-wide configuration files are stored in /etc/gimp/2.0, where ${prefix} is typically /usr.

Most GIMP configuration is read in from the user’s init file, $HOME/.gimp-2.6/gimprc. The system wide equivalent is in /etc/gimprc. The system wide file is parsed first and the user gimprc can override the system settings. /etc/gimprc_user is the default gimprc placed in users’ home directories the first time GIMP is run.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/devicerc — holds settings for input devices together with the tool, colors, brush, pattern and gradient associated to that device.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/gtkrc — users set of GIMP-specific GTK+ config settings. Options such as widget color and fonts sizes can be set here.

/etc/gimp/2.0/gtkrc — sytem wide default set of GIMP-specific GTK+ config settings.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/menurc — user’s set of keybindings.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/parasiterc — Stores all persistent GIMP parasites. This file will be rewritten every time you quit GIMP.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/sessionrc — This file takes session-specific info (that is info, you want to keep between two GIMP sessions). You are not supposed to edit it manually, but of course you can do. This file will be entirely rewritten every time you quit GIMP. If this file isn’t found, defaults are used.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/templaterc — Image templates are kept in this file. New images can conveniently created from these templates. If this file isn’t found, defaults are used.

/etc/gimp/2.0/unitrc — default user unit database. It contains the unit definitions for centimeters, meters, feet, yards, typographic points and typographic picas and is placed in users home directories the first time GIMP is ran. If this file isn’t found, defaults are used.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/unitrc — This file contains your user unit database. You can modify this list with the unit editor. You are not supposed to edit it manually, but of course you can do. This file will be entirely rewritten every time you quit GIMP.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/plug-ins — location of user installed plug-ins.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/pluginrc — plug-in initialization values are stored here. This file is parsed on startup and regenerated if need be.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/modules — location of user installed modules.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/tmp — default location that GIMP uses as temporary space.

/usr/share/gimp/2.0/brushes — system wide brush files.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/brushes — user created and installed brush files. These files are in the .gbr, .gih or .vbr file formats.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/curves — Curve profiles and presets as saved from the Curves tool.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/gimpressionist — Presets and user created brushes and papers are stored here.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/levels — Level profiles and presets as saved from the Levels tool.

/usr/share/gimp/2.0/palettes — the system wide palette files.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/palettes — user created and modified palette files. This files are in the .gpl format.

/usr/share/gimp/2.0/patterns — basic set of patterns for use in GIMP.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/patterns — user created and installed gimp pattern files. This files are in the .pat format.

/usr/share/gimp/2.0/gradients — standard system wide set of gradient files.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/gradients — user created and installed gradient files.

/usr/share/gimp/2.0/scripts — system wide directory of scripts used in Script-Fu and other scripting extensions.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/scripts — user created and installed scripts.

/usr/share/gimp/2.0/gflares — system wide directory used by the gflare plug-in.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/gflares — user created and installed gflare files.

/usr/share/gimp/2.0/gfig — system wide directory used by the gfig plug-in.

$HOME/.gimp-2.6/gfig — user created and installed gfig files.

/usr/share/gimp/2.0/images/gimp-splash.png — the default image used for the GIMP splash screen.

/usr/share/gimp/2.0/images/gimp-logo.png — image used in the GIMP about dialog.

/usr/share/gimp/2.0/tips/gimp-tips.xml — tips as displayed in the “Tip of the Day” dialog box.

Pros and cons of various images formats from a GIMP perspective¶

XCF

The Native GIMP image format. Everything is saved: layers, selections, channels, paths and more.

Cons

• Not a “display” format, even if you can find codecs to display thumbnails of XCF image in file explorers.
• Bulky.
• Color channels are coded in 8 bits (in GIMP 2.8).

Recommended uses

Saving all GIMP work.

JPG

• Compresses the files quite efficiently.
• Universally supported for display.

Cons

• Compression is “lossy” and it slightly alters the image data. In case of global changes (color, contrast…) repeated file editing will slowly degrade the image quality.
• At good quality levels, compression is invisible in photography, but can be seen (so called “artifacts”) in computer-generated graphics and text.
• Doesn’t support transparency.
• Color channels are coded on 8 bits.

Recommended uses

• Display of photography
• Storage of photography

PNG

• Lossless format, all pixels are kept.
• Supports partial transparency.
• Produces small files with most computer graphics.
• Supported by all browsers.

Cons

• Complex images (photos) are bulky.
• Color channels are coded in 8 bits.

Recommended uses

• Web page widgets: banners, buttons, frames, etc…
• Computer graphics.
• Screenshots (unless this screenshot contain mostly a photo).

GIF

Universally supported for animation.

Cons

• Only 256 colors per image, leads to blocky look.
  (a modern variant supports 256 colors per frame, but GIMP doesn’t use it).
• Supports transparency but only as fully transparent/fully opaque.

Recommended uses

Small animated images.
(in all other still-image uses PNG is a better alternative, and for bigger animation modern HTML supports video)

TIFF

• Lossless format, all pixels are kept.
• Color channels can be coded in 16 bits.
• Can store several images (layers).
• Supported by all image processing software.

Cons

Can be bulky on complex images.

Recommended uses

Storage and exchange of high quality images.

Cons

• Proprietary (except DNG).
• Content format can change without notice (new camera models), this can impact support by your favorite software.
• Bulky.
• Not suitable for display.

Recommended uses

Storage of camera output, but a secondary copy in some universal format could be a good idea.

There are of course many other image formats, but the formats above cover most uses.
Use them unless you know better, they can usually be converted easily to any other format should the need arise.

GIMP Tutorial — Image Formats Overview by Ofnuts is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

Miscellaneous¶

Plug-in Development

There are new things for a plug-in developer to enjoy as well. For example, procedures can now give a detailed error description in case of an error, and the error can be propagated to the user.

GIMP 2.6 also further enhances its scripting abilities. In particular there is now a much richer API for the creation and manipulation of text layers. Here is a list of new symbols in GIMP 2.6.

Backwards Compatibility

Script-Fu has undergone some clean up and includes several bug fixes. One important bug fix, for bug #508020, prevents a possible crash of Script-Fu. A side effect of the fix will break any script which does not provide an initial value for a variable in the binding portion of a let, let*, or letrec block.

An initial value for a variable is required as stated in the R5RS Scheme standard document. The initial value can be provided as a simple constant, or as the result of a function call. The following examples will illustrate the problem and show a simple change that will fix a broken script.

This example shows a let* block with incorrect syntax that will no longer work in Script-Fu.

This example shows a let* block with the correct syntax.

Known Problems

• The Utility window hint is currently only known to work well in the Linux GNOME desktop environment and on Windows starting with GIMP 2.6.1.
• Using the Text Tool is currently not an optimal experience. Making it work better is a goal for GIMP 2.8.
• If you build GIMP yourself and don’t have GVfs support on your platform you need to explicitly pass --without-gvfs to configure, otherwise opening remote files will not work properly.

What’s Planned

For the interested, here is roughly what is planned for GIMP 2.8, the next stable release:

• Merging Google Summer of Code 2008 projects to trunk, namely on-canvas text editing, tagging of GIMP resources and Python scripting enhancements.
• Continue integration of GEGL.
• And of course many other improvements…

Как пользоваться редактором GIMP

У начинающих пользователей возникает вопрос: как пользоваться GIMP?

Основная часть окна редактора отведена под область редактирования: там можно увидеть любые отображаемые изменения. По обе стороны от окна редактирования можно отыскать удобные панели инструментов. Там же можно зайти в панель настроек, посмотреть историю действий, выбрать параметры конкретного инструмента. Прямо как в фотошопе!

Рабочее поле или так называемый холст

Пример работы в GIMP

Посмотрите один из примеров работы в редакторе. Думаю вам понравится.

Как работать в GIMP 2.10?

Watch this video on YouTube

А если хотите подробнее научится работать в gimp, то у меня есть бесплатный видеокурс для начинающих

и электронная книга

Работа с фотографиями в GIMP

Основными задачами, почему стоит обратиться к программе GIMP, являются кадрирование и редактирование изображений. Посредством актуальных инструментов можно легко устранить недочеты заваленного горизонта, эффект красных глаз, неправильную экспозицию. Также редактор позволяет создавать из фотографий художественные композиции или дизайнерские коллажи различной сложности. Можно сделать даже превью для видео на ютуб.

Как сделать превью для видео YouTube с помощью GIMP

Watch this video on YouTube

Чтобы привести свои фото в безупречный вид, улучшить их качество, нам стоит воспользоваться базовым набором манипуляций. Это кадрирование, исправление уровня яркости, коррекция четкости. Все эти инструменты можно настроить, исходя из своих целей и комфорта.

Если есть потребность применить более продвинутые варианты работы с изображениями, помогут в этом инструменты выделения, при помощи которых легко удалить фрагменты фото.

Также можно изменить размеры, повернуть или отзеркалить изображение. Работая с кривыми, мы настроим баланс цветопередачи, показатели яркости и контрастности. Подробные уроки про кривые:

Есть в программе и фильтры, чтобы добавить фотографии художественный эффект.

Если фото вышли засвеченными из-за съемки в яркий солнечный день, можно поработать с инструментом Тон/Насыщенность. Посредством ползунков можно изменить тон снимка, степень освещенность и насыщенности.

При размытом изображении рационально использовать технику повышения резкости.

Сделав фото в условиях недостаточного света или с короткой выдержкой, мы получим кадр с повышенной зернистостью. Исправить ситуацию поможет инструмент Выборочное Гауссово размывание либо использования фильтра Удаление пятен.

Избавиться от эффекта красных глаз можно при помощи одноименного фильтра.

При проблемах с выдержкой лучше применить регулировки яркости и контраста. Также исправить недочеты выдержки можно при помощи инструментов Уровни или Кривые. Последний подразумевает перемещение управляющих точек кривой, которые создают оптимальную яркость.

Как пользоваться программой, если надо убрать нежелательный объект из изображения? Благодаря специальному фильтру Resynthesizer можно избавить кадр от лишних предметов.

Рисование в программе GIMP

Помимо работы с изображениями бесплатный графический редактор позволяет создавать свои изображения. Открыв новое изображение, можно при помощи инструментов Кисть и Карандаш. Также стоит попробовать инструмент «Аэрограф», воспользоваться градиентом, каллиграфическим пером, заливкой, убирая лишнее ластиком. Данная тема мало представлена на моем блоге, так как мы в основном редактируем готовые изображения.

При необходимости, в программу гимп для рисования можно установить любой удобный нам набор кистей. Кисти для графической программы можно скачать из сети или в этом разделе.

Таким образом, расширение возможностей программы зависит только от фантазии и мастерства пользователя.

Гимп отлично подойдет как для любительского рисования, так и для проработки векторных иллюстраций. Легко настроить инструменты графического редактора и под выполнение серьезных профессиональных заданий, создавая логотипы, интерфейсные элементы для интернет-страниц любой сложности.

Source for version 2.99 (Development)

GIMP releases available from gimp.org and its contain the source code and have to be compiled in order to be installed on your system.

For instructions, how to build GIMP from source code, please see this page.

GIMP 2.99.6 is now available at https://download.gimp.org/mirror/pub/gimp/v2.99/.

To allow you to check the integrity of the tarballs, here are the sums of the latest releases:

gimp-2.99.6.tar.bz2
(sha256):

8d264b28445a3df2b940f30ee0b89b469255e975e8563b889fd57fb2f58f66a0

gimp-2.99.4.tar.bz2
(sha256):

df25c149c78f265181809d7685a9470a62c3c2f08c05e8498a4d5c86a048a5b2

gimp-2.99.2.tar.bz2
(sha256):

39dc99a1581bbaafa9d6686bf246f7be12b0788ebfc37d185dea5bdae9c3ae73

GIMP help files are available at https://download.gimp.org/mirror/pub/gimp/help/.

Digital photography improvements¶

Some of the new GEGL-based filters are specifically targeted at photographers:
Exposure, Shadows-Highlights, High-pass, Wavelet Decompose, Panorama
Projection and others will be an important addition to your toolbox.

GEGL Shadow-Highlights filter.
GEGL panorama projection allows editing panorama images, mapped.

On top of that, the new Extract Component filter simplifies extracting a
channel of an arbitrary color model (LAB, LCH, CMYK etc.) from currently
selected layer. If you were used to decomposing and recomposing images just for
this, your work will be that easier now.

Moreover, you can now use either darktable or RawTherapee as GIMP plug-ins for
opening raw files. Any recent version of either application will do.

A new Clip Warning display filter will visualize underexposed and overexposed
areas of a photo for you, with customizable colors. For now, it’s mostly geared
towards images where colors are stored with floating point precision. You will
mostly benefit from this if you work on 16/32 bit per channel float images such
as EXR and TIFF.

Your browser does not support the video tag.

Contributors: Michael Natterer, Ell, Thomas Manni, Tobias Ellinghaus,
Øyvind Kolås, Jehan Pagès, Alberto Griggio…

Layers and masks¶

GIMP now ships with two groups of blending modes: legacy (perceptual, mostly
to make old XCF files look exactly as before) and default (mostly linear).

New blend modes are:

• LCH layer modes: Hue, Chroma, Color, and Lightness
• Pass-Through mode for layer groups
• Linear Burn, Vivid Light, Linear Light, Pin Light, Hard Mix, Exclusion, Merge,
  and Split

Layers, paths, and channels can also be tagged with color labels to improve
project organization. This will be even more useful once we add multi-layer
selection later on.

Compositing options for layers are exposed to users now, and all layer-related
settings are finally available in the Layer Attributes dialog.

Moreover, if you always need alpha in your layers, you can enable automatic
generation of the alpha channel in imported images upon opening them. See
Edit > Preferences > Image Import & Export page for this and more policies.

Layer groups can finally have masks on:

Introduction to GIMP¶

GIMP is an acronym for GNU Image Manipulation Program. It is a freely distributed program for such tasks as photo retouching, image composition and image authoring.

It has many capabilities. It can be used as a simple paint program, an expert quality photo retouching program, an online batch processing system, a mass production image renderer, an image format converter, etc.

GIMP is expandable and extensible. It is designed to be augmented with plug-ins and extensions to do just about anything. The advanced scripting interface allows everything from the simplest task to the most complex image manipulation procedures to be easily scripted.

GIMP is written and developed under X11 on UNIX platforms. But basically the same code also runs on Windows and macOS.

Pinch gesture on canvas for zooming¶

This is very fresh news as we merged this code (by Povilas Kanapickas,
brand new contributor!) only a few days ago: GIMP now has pinch gesture
support for touchpads, some tablets or touch screens (it might not work
with all tablets and touch screens). In other words, if you have a
device with touch support, you can zoom in and out through pinching
movements with your fingers.

Your browser does not support the video tag.

This is known to work on Linux/Wayland (tested successfully on a laptop
touchpad and a Wacom Intuos Pro) and it might work in a few months in
X11 (after this
patch
gets merged). Someone reported the feature working on Windows 10 too
with one’s touchpad and integrated laptop’s touch display.
We have not found anyone yet to test the feature on macOS (it relies on
generic GTK code, but the exact support depends on specific per-platform
implementation and on the touch device firmware and/or driver
implementation). I guess this will be the surprise for this release. We
welcome any feedback in the associated
report.

As a note of interest, we used to say that
was not our biggest priority, hence might not make it to GIMP 3. Yet
here it is! Another great example that GIMP is made by anyone. All it
takes for your dream features to happen is someone willing to contribute
code! It might be you! 

Tools, Filters & Plug-ins¶

Improved Free Select Tool

The freehand select tool has been enhanced to support polygonal selections. It also allows mixing free hand segments with polygonal segments, editing of existing segments, applying angle-constraints to segments, and of course the normal selection tool operations like add and subtract. Altoghether this ends up making the Free Select Tool a very versatile, powerful and easy-to-use selection tool.

Brush Dynamics

Brush dynamics let you map different brush parameters, commonly at least size and opacity, to one or more of three input dynamics: pressure, velocity and random. Velocity and random are usable with a mouse. The Ink tool, that supported velocity before, has been overhauled and now handles velocity-dependent painting much better.

Brush dynamics have enabled a new feature in stroking paths. There is now a check box under the “paint tool” option, for emulating brush dynamics if you stroke using a paint tool. What this means is that when your stroke is being painted by GIMP, it tells the brush that its pressure and velocity are varying along the length of the stroke. Pressure starts with zero, ramps up to full pressure and then ramps down again to no pressure. Velocity starts from zero and ramps up to full speed by the end of the stroke.

Minor Changes

• Added a bounding box for the Text Tool that supports automatic wrapping of text within that bounding box.
• Move handles for rectangle based tools like Crop and Rectangle Select to the outside of the rectangle when the rectangle is narrow.
• Added motion constraints to the Move Tool.
• Improved event smoothing for paint tools.
• Mark the center of rectangles while they are moved, and snap the center to grid and rulers.
• Enable brush scaling for the Smudge tool.
• Added ability to save presets in all color tools for color adjustments you use frequently.
• Allow to transfer settings from Brightness-Contrast to Levels, and from Levels to Curves.
• Allow changing opacity on transform tool previews.
• The Screenshot plug-in has been given the ability to capture the mouse cursor (using Xfixes).
• Display aspect ratio of the Crop and Rectangle Select Tool rectangles in the status bar.
• Desaturate has been given an on-canvas preview.
• The Flame plug-in has been extended with 22 new variations.
• Data file folders like brush folders are searched recursively for files.
• Replaced the PSD import plug-in with a rewritten version that does what the old version did plus some other things, for example reading of ICC color profiles.

Miscellaneous¶

Plug-in Development

GIMP 2.8 also further enhances its scripting abilities. For example, API changes to support layer groups have been made. Here is a list of new symbols in GIMP 2.8.

GEGL

The projection code which composes a single image from layers has been ported to GEGL. This includes the layer modes, as well as support for layer groups. Also, preparations have been made for better and more intuitive handling of the floating selection.
Developers: Michael Natterer, Martin Nordholts

Roadmap

The GIMP developers now maintain a roadmap for GIMP development found here: https://wiki.gimp.org/index.php/Roadmap

Digital painting improvements¶

GIMP 2.10 ships with a number of improvements requested by digital painters. One
of the most interesting new additions here is the MyPaint Brush tool that
first appeared in the GIMP-Painter fork.

The Smudge tool got updates specifically targeted in painting use case. The
new No erase effect option prevents the tools from changing alpha of pixels.
And the foreground color can now be blended into smudged pixels, controlled by
a new Flow slider, where 0 means no blending.

All painting tools now have explicit Hardness and Force sliders except for
the MyPaint Brush tool that only has the Hardness slider.

Most importantly, GIMP now supports canvas rotation and flipping to help
illustrators checking proportions and perspective.

A new Brush lock to view option gives you a choice whether you want a brush
locked to a certain zoom level and rotation angle of the canvas. The option is
available for all painting tools that use a brush except for the MyPaint Brush tool.

New Symmetry Painting dockable dialog, enabled on per-image basis, allows to
use all painting tools with various symmetries (mirror, mandala, tiling…).

This new version of GIMP also ships with more new brushes available by default.

Contributors: Michael Natterer, Alexia Death, Daniel Sabo, shark0r, Jehan
Pagès, Ell, Jose Americo Gobbo, Aryeom Han…

Dialog generation for plug-ins¶

We have been working on dialog generation for plug-ins. A plug-in
historically comes with a “procedure” (which can be called from the core
but also from other plug-ins through the protocol), with
parameters and 3 run methods: interactively, non-interactively and with
last values. The non-interactive and with last values run methods
imply known parameters (given by the caller or previous calls), but an
“interactive” run implies to ask for these parameters in a GUI, usually
with added logics.

Until now, this always needed specific GUI code. We now added new
functions for easy dialog generation from the procedure parameters. In
simplest case, you could therefore generate a full blown plug-in dialog
in less than 5 lines.

Several checks were added, such as mnemonic verification, ensuring that
every displayed property in a plug-in dialog has a unique mnemonic. This
is a very useful feature for usability and accessibility, for people who
mostly use keyboard navigation.

Similar ability used to be available on some specific bindings (Python
and Scheme) up to the GIMP 2.10 series. Unlike this past ability, the
new functions will be available for all plug-ins (i.e. C/C++ plug-ins,
but also for GObject-Introspected bindings, for instance in Python 3,
JavaScript, Vala, or Lua). Moreover, the customizability is much more
powerful and will provide much better dialogs and advanced logics.

Changing the Size (Dimensions) of an Image (Scale)¶

This is a very simple task to accomplish in GIMP easily.

The image we’ll be using to illustrate this with is The Horsehead Nebula in Infrared.

When you first open your image in GIMP, chances are that the image will be zoomed so that the entire image fits in your canvas. The thing to notice for this example is that by default the window decoration at the top of GIMP will show you some information about the image.

View of the GIMP canvas, with information at the top of the window.

Notice that the information at the top of the window shows the current pixel dimensions of the image (in this case, the pixel size is 1225×1280).

To resize the image to new dimensions, we need only invoke the Scale Image dialog:

Image → Scale Image…

This will then open the Scale Image dialog:

The Scale Image dialog.

In the Scale Image dialog, you’ll find a place to enter new values for Width and Height. If you know one of the new dimensions you’d like for the image, fill in the appropriate one here.

You’ll also notice a small chain just to the right of the Width and Height entry boxes. This icon shows that the Width and Height values are locked with respect to each other, meaning that changing one value will cause the other to change in order to keep the same aspect ratio (no strange compression or stretching in the image).

For example, if you knew that you wanted your image to have a new width of 600px, you can enter that value in the Width input, and the Height will automatically change to maintain the aspect ratio of the image:

Changing the Width to 600px.

As you can see, entering 600px for the width automatically changes the height to 627px.

Also notice I have shown a different option under Quality → Interpolation. The default value for this is Cubic, but to retain the best quality it would better to use Sinc (Lanczos3).

If you want to specify a new size using a different type of value (other than Pixel size), you can change the type by clicking on the “px” spinner:

Changing input value types.

A common use for this could be if you wanted to specify a new size as a percentage of the old one. In this case you could change to “percent”, and then enter 50 in either field to scale the image in half.

Once you are done scaling the image, don’t forget to export the changes you’ve made:

File → Export…

to export as a new filename, or:

File → Overwrite {FILENAME}

to overwrite the original file (use caution).

For more detail about using Scale Image, you can see the documentation.

Как пользоваться редактором Gimp

Для начала скачайте программу на свой компьютер. Всегда свежую версию можно получить на официальном сайте. Выберите версию для своей операционной системы. Ссылка по кнопке ниже.

Установите программу на компьютер и запустите её. Вы увидите интерфейс с разнообразными инструментами редактирования. Всё выглядит и расположено привычно, интуитивно понятно, как и во всех подобных редакторах.

Интерфейс редактора.

Для того, чтобы начать пользоваться редактором Gimp, нужно либо создать в нём изображение самостоятельно, либо загрузить готовое фото, и начать его редактировать, изменять. Нажмите в верхнем меню «Файл», а затем либо «Создать проект», либо «Открыть». Можно также использовать традиционные для этого горячие клавиши — ctrl + N или ctrl + O, соответственно.

Откройте изображение или создайте новое, чтобы начать пользоваться редактором Gimp.

Вы увидите изображение на рабочем пространстве и сможете выполнять с ними разнообразные операции с помощью инструментов, расположенных в панелях управления.

Изображение, загруженное в Gimp готово к редактированию.

Давайте рассмотрим ниже, какие инструменты для работы с изображением есть в этом редакторе.

Установка программы

После того как вы скачаете установочный файл и сохраните его на жёстком диске, выполните установку программы.

1. В открывшемся окне установщика первым делом выберите удобный для вас язык. Всего их представлено 9, и, если ваш компьютер имеет русскоязычное меню, русский язык будет выбран по умолчанию.
2. Чтобы проконтролировать, какие компоненты будут установлены, а также выбрать нужные вам, нажмите кнопку «Настроить» в левом нижнем углу окна установщика. 
3. Сразу же выскочит пользовательское соглашение, с которым необходимо согласиться. Оно написано на английском и, если вы не владеете ним, просто нажмите кнопку подтверждения, там ничего страшного не написано. Даже если вы знаете английский и полностью прочитали пользовательское соглашение, но с чем-то несогласны, у вас нет другого выбора, кроме как согласиться, иначе установка будет прервана. 
4. В следующем окне — «Выбор компонентов» — отметьте галочкой те элементы, которые вы хотите использовать в работе. Если вы не хотите слишком долго разбираться, какой компонент за что отвечает, выберите «Полная установка». Если же считаете, что чем-то можно пренебречь, снимите с того пункта отметку. Кроме того, во всплывающем меню можно выбрать несколько пакетов установки: полный, весом почти 300 мегабайт, либо компактный — 128 МБ. После выбора нажмите кнопку «Далее». 
5. В следующем окошке — «Выбор файловых ассоциаций» — выберите те файлы, которые бы вы хотели открывать редактором Gimp по умолчанию. Утилита автоматически отмечает несколько родных для программы форматов. Если вы хотите применять редактор для других файлов, отметьте их галочками, после чего также нажмите кнопку «Далее». 
6. В следующем окне вам будет предложено вывести ярлык для быстрого запуска на рабочий стол и панель быстрого запуска. Если вы в них не нуждаетесь, снимите галочки. Для перехода на следующий этап нажмите «Далее». 
7. В последнем окне выберите папку, куда вы хотите установить Gimp. Нажмите кнопку «Установить» и дождитесь окончания процедуры. 
8. Запустите программу и подождите некоторое время, пока загрузятся все необходимые компоненты программы. 

После того как графический редактор Gimp будет установлен на ваш компьютер, можно приступать к работе с ним. В следующем пункте мы проведём обзор меню программы. Если вы ищите руководство по выполнению конкретных задач, на нашем сайте вы сможете найти посвящённую этому серию статей.